Essay on World Phone Hacking Scandal - 2506 Words

In March of 2002, Milly Dowler, a 13 year old student, was abducted and later murdered. From the time of the abduction until her body was found in September of that year, her family and friends had maintained hope through the fact that Milly’s voicemails were being deleted, giving them hope that Milly may have still been alive. However, in July of 2011, it was reported that it was in fact reporters from the Rupert Murdoch owned News of the World paper checking the phone messages and inadvertently deleting them. This was when the public became aware of an ongoing investigation into a scandal that had started years before. Every corporation faces ethical decisions on a daily basis, including the news media. While a news outlet may not have†¦show more content†¦Except in limited circumstances, we do not use hidden cameras; any exceptions should first be discussed with the top newsroom manager and the legal department (New York Times, 2005). By hacking into voicemails and wiretapping individuals, News of the World employees were breaking ethical standards in journalism. The decisions made by a few individuals instilled a corporate culture that eventually ended up affecting an entire industry. Rupert Murdoch is said to believe that â€Å"in the newsroom, where you do whatever it takes to get the story, take no prisoners, destroy the competition, and the end will justify the means†. That being said, most forms of information gathering practices are sent from â€Å"the top down†, meaning the person in charge of the paper tells the rest of the employees how they can or cannot get information about a story (Bernstein, 2011). Newspapers are highly competitive, and Murdoch’s empire is one of the most well-known and most lucrative media outlets. Whether Murdoch knew nothing of the hacking (as he continues to testify) or not, the chance for the large amount of financial gains and potential losses from scooping competitors can make a person pursue unethical behaviors. These individual factors played a huge role in the creation of organizational factors for which Murdoch may or may not have been aware of. Murdoch’s philosophy created a corporate culture t hat ignored industry standards in ethicalShow MoreRelatedThe News of the World Phone Hacking Scandal from Business Ethics and Csr Point of View3483 Words   |  14 PagesThe News of the World Phone Hacking Scandal from Business Ethics and CSR Point of View Date: 21 June 2012 Executive Summary The focus of the project you’re about to read is on the recently phone hacking scandal of famous UK News agency, - The News of The World. The report include a brief explanation of what has happened based on pre-selected online articles, analysis of the scandal from Business Ethics point of view by using various CSR theories discussed during the CSR course in period fourRead MoreEssay about Ethics and Gatekeeping in The Media1533 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2011, News Corp. suffered a scandal of ethical proportions when it was revealed that members of the News of the World staff, a paper owned by News Corp. were participating and engaging in illegal phone hacking in order to find stories. It was reported that close to 4000 individuals ranging from sport stars to politicians and celebrities were hacked (BBC). The scandal eventually led to the end of the paper which ceased publication on July 10th 2011. This scandal at News Corp. raises ethical issuesRead MoreContemporary Issues in Business5466 Words   |  22 PagesEvents- The Phone Hacking Scandal 3. What is management? 3.1. Management Ideologies 3.2. Humanistic versus Economistic Ideologies 3.3 Scientific Management Theories 3.4. Critical Management Studies 3.5 Managers as Actors 3.6 Managers as Discursive Subjectivies 4. Ethical Theories 4.1. Consequentialist Theories 4.2. Non Consequentialist Theories 5. Conclusion 6. Recommendations 7. References 1.Introduction This report will discuss the events that took place during the phone hacking scandalRead MoreCorporate Ethical Issues and Ensuing Influence-Case Study of Murdochs Phone Hacking Scandal2819 Words   |  12 PagesCorporate Ethical Issues and Ensuing influence-Case study of Murdochs phone hacking scandal 1. Research Background The business ethics refers to the ethics of enterprise operation. Not only for the enterprises, all organizations related to business are supposed to have ethical issues. As long as the groups of people are having business activities,there are always exist ethical issues in essence(Drucker,1981,pp66). A moral enterprise should pay attention to the human nature,avoid conflict and frictionRead MoreCode of Ethics at News Limited2994 Words   |  12 Pagesstockholders are duly and fully informed of the goings of the Company. Stockholders play an important part in corporate governance (News Corporation). Statement of Business Conduct In response to the trust the Company receives from people all over the world, News Corporation conducts business with integrity (News Corporation 2011). Chairman and CEO Rupert Murdoch stated that the Company observes general principles holding up the culture of trust. He emphasized that these standards assist them to avoidRead MoreEssay on Investigative Reporting is the Driving Force in Journalism2455 Words   |  10 Pagesthere was two major investigations that have continued to be cited as exemplars; the first was of the triangular relationship between a government minister, Profumo, a Russian secret agent and a call girl. It was extensively researched by News of the World investigative journalist Peter Earle. The second was an exclusive by Sunday Times Insight, whose reporter Ron Hall detailed the methods used by a criminal landlord, Peter Rachman, to terrorise tenants. These examples set a trend and by the late 1960sRead MoreFreedom Of Expression Is Protected By Article 10 Of T he European Convention On Human Rights1447 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame widely known as ‘The Leveson Inquiry’. The inquiry was a result of the preceding phone hacking scandals from the News of the World, into both celebrities and victims such as Mollie Dowler. The inquiry, whilst being deeply intrusive into the businesses practices and attitudes of the press, highlighted the issue of newspapers breaching phone owners’ private lives, often not public figures. The phone hacking was an offence in itself under Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA), andRead MoreRupert Murdoch : Corporate Governance1562 Words   |  7 Pages27, 2016 â€Æ' For me, prior to the summer of 2011, The NewsCorp did not seek to operate under any type of organizational values - implied or explicit. After the hacking scandal, the News Corp began to use the slogan Fair Balanced and a mission statement Creating and distributing top-quality news, sports and entertainment around the world.† What role, if any, did organizational culture play in the demise of this organization? What can be said for leadership? According to the Columbia JournalismRead MoreThe Leveson inquiry is a public judicial inquiry into the culture practice and ethics of the700 Words   |  3 Pagesis a public judicial inquiry into the culture practice and ethics of the British press, chaired by Lord Justice Leveson. The inquiry was established by current Prime Minister David Cameron, in the wake of former tabloid News of the World’s phone-hacking scandal. A press release made public on the 14th September 2011 stated that the Leveson enquiry was to investigate the ethical practices of the press, including the working relationships that police and politicians had towards the British Press. TheRead MoreThe Information Age : How Safe Are We?1525 Words   |  7 Pagesto the internet. Body: I. (Main point one) The security of information stored on and shared on cellphones is dubious at best. A. Almost as soon as Bluetooth technology arrived someone developed a way to hack its signal and â€Å"listen in† on texts and phone calls on any Bluetooth enabled device. While this has supposedly been corrected, it was the first indication of the dangers of transmitting information wirelessly over a supposedly secure network. B. There are apps for almost anything you can think

Adolf Hitler Essay 20 - 6213 Words

INTRODUCTION Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945), German political and military leader and one of the 20th centurys most powerful dictators. Hitler converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched World War II in 1939 (see Federal Republic of Germany). He made anti-Semitism a keystone of his propaganda and policies and built the Nazi Party (see National Socialism) into a mass movement. He hoped to conquer the entire world, and for a time dominated most of Europe and much of North Africa. He instituted sterilization and euthanasia measures to enforce his idea of racial purity among German people and caused the slaughter of millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma (Gypsies), Slavic peoples, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior.†¦show more content†¦Hitler saw trench warfare as a form of the struggle for survival among races, a struggle that he was coming to see as the essence of existence. At the same time, his anti-Semitic feelings were growing extreme. When Germ any was defeated in 1918, Hitler was lying in a military hospital, temporarily blinded by mustard gas. He decided Jews had caused Germanys defeat and that he would enter politics to save the country. Hitler returned to Munich after the war. He was selected to be a political speaker by the local army headquarters, given special training, and provided with opportunities to practice his public speaking before returning prisoners of war. His speaking successes led to his selection as an observer of political groups in the Munich area. In this capacity, he investigated the German Workers PartyÂâ€"one of the many nationalist, racist groups that developed in Munich in the postwar years. C Beginnings of the Nazi Party The German Workers Party, later renamed the National Socialist German Workers Party (abbreviated NSDAP or Nazi Party), became Hitlers political focus. Here he found an outlet for his talents in political agitation and party organization. The party espoused essentially the same ideas Hitler had picked up in Vienna: violent racial nationalism and anti-Semitism. He also shared the Nazis opposition to the liberal democracy of the GermanShow MoreRelatedHitler s Influence On The World War II966 Words   |  4 Pageshowever Hitler’s rise to power is assumed to have had a significant impact on the outbreak. Adolf Hitler was leader of the Nazi party, and his efforts to transform Germany’s society into one based on race resulted in Holocaust and world war. Using his position as Chancellor Hitler created a legal dictatorship. Not anyone could have seized power in Germany at that time. During Germany’s economic crisis, Hitler used his personal traits and propaganda to gain support and rise to power. This can be seenRead MoreAdolf Hitler : Mein Kampf, Nation And Race1108 Words   |  5 PagesJennifer Mills College Writing Dec 11, 2014 Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf, Nation and Race Adolf Hitler was born in Austria, on April 20, 1889. He was the fourth child of the six children from Alois Hitler and Klara Polzl. When Adolf was three years old, his whole family moved into Germany. In his young age, he had many arguments with his father until he became detached and introverted when his young brother died in 1900. (HistoryLearningSite, 2014) Adolf was interested in fine arts than business, soRead More Adolf Hitlers Leadership and the Government that Follows Essay1163 Words   |  5 Pagesthe satire Animal Farm. The spoof is based on a totalitarian leadership. The four main characters in this book are the pigs on the farm. They go against Napoleon’s will and represent the white movement. The reason this story becomes prevalent in the essay is because it shows how few people can turn around a society. Orwell describes in animal farm just how he got his idea for the novel. â€Å"I saw a little boy, perhaps ten years old, driving a huge cart-horse along a nar row path, whipping it whenever itRead MoreWhy Is The Killing Of A Million A Lesser Crime?1440 Words   |  6 PagesGenocide Essay â€Å"Why is the killing of a million a lesser crime than the killing of an individual?† -Raphael Lemkin referring to genocides. Genocides are organized exterminations committed with intent to destroy a whole group based on religion, ethnicity, and race. The Holocaust, the Armenian genocide, Darfur, and the Rwanda genocide were all terrible events in history, but why did they occur? The form of genocide had existed since the perception of superiority and inferiority was known. AsRead MoreIs Learning About The Second World War Important?1221 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant? The Second World War began in 1940, and ended in 1945. The main reason why the war started was that a man called Adolf Hitler were against all the Jews. He meant that the Jews had good educations, and got all the important and big jobs in the society. It is important that we learn about this happening, in that way we can try to not make it happened again. In this essay, I am going to write more about why we should learn about the Second World War, what the final solution did to the Jews andRead MoreHitler Adolf Hitler is possibly the most infamous name in history. Undoubtedly the first thing1100 Words   |  5 PagesHitler Adolf Hitler is possibly the most infamous name in history. Undoubtedly the first thing that appears in one’s head at the sound of this horrible name is a swastika, or his mustache. That extremely fashionable way to style one’s facial hair was so easily ruined by one man alone: Hitler. He was a truly evil man. The clearest villain in modern history. How did someone as evil as Hitler rise to power? Surely someone would have stopped him before he rose all the way to emperor of Germany. WeRead MoreThe Rise Of Fascism During Nazi Germany And Germany1623 Words   |  7 Pagessociety? Explain how these social roles were reflected in both individuals and organisations. This will be easiest by exploring their power structures and methods of operation. COMMUNICATION Ensure you structure your presentation appropriately. Essays, Posters and PowerPoints all need to include: †¢ an introduction to the topic; †¢ supporting evidence for your point of view; †¢ a conclusion. These should be coherent and relevant arguments. Use subject-specific language, by talking about the politicalRead More War and Peace Essay791 Words   |  4 PagesWar and Peace The greater threat to world peace in the 20s, 30s, and 40s is a point that could be argued and debated upon for essays on piles of essays. 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However, leaving propaganda aside, there have been many historiographical debates as to whether Adolf Hitler was a weak or strong dictator, from Norman Rich clai ming he was a master in the Third Reich, to Hans Mommsen who stated Hitler was a weak dictatorRead MoreHitlers Rise to Power Essay1443 Words   |  6 Pagestime as it marked the onset of Nazi ideology, an ideology that would be advocated by radical leaders such as Adolf Hitler to maintain power of Germany. Hitler would use National Socialism, which renounced Marxist ideals, as a basis to formulate his own basic views of a philosophy which he would bolster for the rest of his life. As a strong anti-Semite, and an ardent German nationalist, Hitler recognized the importance in the need for struggle and emphasized a crude Social Darwinism; the world was

Parents are the best teachers free essay sample

When children are infants, their parents teach them how to crawl, stand, walk or talk. The parents always look after their children and surround them so the children imitate what their parents do. As the result, parents influence on childrens character is significant. For example, if parents always play with their children, encourage them in time, the children will definitely be more confident than those whose parents are always busy and let them stay home alone.Parents are always aware of the importance of choosing right careers for their childrens future. They are always beside their children, understand them and offer them with their best advices. Thanks to that the children can become useful people for society. However, parents are not the best teachers for their children, as they need far more professional knowledge that only teachers at the colleges, or universities can teach them. No one can master all the wide range of immense knowledge sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Parents are the best teachers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So part from acquiring the knowledge and experience that their parents give, they also have to learn from their teachers, their peers and other people in society. In conclusion, parents obviously are essential teachers for their children. They should be aware of what their parents offer them as the parents always love them and take care of them. However, parents can not teach everything they need, they have to make their best effort to learn from their teachers, their acquaintances and many others in the society.

Conference Industry of China-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Conference Industry of China. Answer: Introduction The conference industry is in its peak state. With the increase in awareness among people and the inquisitive nature has lead to the growth of the sector. Conferences are being held on a variety of topics and each topic is being shown and discussed round the globe. This report aims at analyzing the conference industry in Shanghai, China (Allen et al., 2012). The report introduces the concept of a conference and the nature of the industry. Trends around the globe as well as in the city have been discussed. The next section follows the demand and supply problems and suggestions on how to manage them. Recommendations have been made to show a road ahead for the city in this sector. Literature Review The event industry According to Davidson (2002), the event industry is one of the largest industries in the globe. It comprises of various events like a job fair, a festival, a social event, a business conference or a management event. The industry is often referred to as the event management or event planning. The industry consists of one-person planner to large companies engaged in creating experiences for the people. The events organized by them may be a corporate event or a social event depending on the need. The conference industry The conference industry forms a major part of the event industry. In the 21st century, where the world has become a global village, conferences form an essential part of the success of an organization. Various organizations like Deloitte, Pepsi, Ali baba, Amazon, and Microsoft and so on hold various conferences throughout the year (Fenich, 2014). These conferences need to be arranged and organized thereby increasing the importance of the event management sector. To begin with, the definition of a conference will be provided. A conference can be described as a meeting of group members or people who discuss or confer about a topic. Confer refers to an exchange of ideas and discussions about a relevant topic. This topic can range from sustainable management issues, news conferences, academic conferences and so on. Some of the types of conferences have been given below: Convention- refers to a meeting of people in a group belonging to a company in a particular field. Academic conference- Usually referring to the domain of science where relevant topics are discussed Parent-teacher conference- Conducted by the school where the administration informs the parents about their latest development (Rogers, 2013). Professional Conference- referring to the professional council of the country regarding a new act. Trade fair- Between various sellers Athletic Conference- a competitive group of teams generally spread geographically. The booming industry According to the US Statistics, events, conferences and conventions are expected to rise by 44% in 2020, which is far ahead of the projected growth of other industries. The demand of conference space has been increasing and various hotels like Ritz Carlton and Montage have received various bookings for their conference rooms. The conference industry encompasses a variety of fields with almost exhaust any conference goer person (Jones, 2014). It has been observed that almost every day some conference takes place in a certain corner of the world. . A conference goer could travel to a new city every week and attend a conference based on smart grid, cloud computing, farming methods, mathematics and ageing. The conference industry can conduct its own award and natural conferences. Various companies like Google, Apple and Microsoft have become the conference hosts. These conferences help these giants to improve their distribution chain and to strengthen their ties. Conferences are believed to be seminars, which can help a company to meet thousands of people at one time. Wurman is planning to conduct a conference called 555, which will be providing a platform to five global leaders in five cities on consecutive five Mondays that will encourage intellectual ideas and talk about architecture, future travel and energy (Hiller, 1995). The conference industry has faced various difficulties. It faced a boom during the 1990s and took a bad turn during after 9/11. Risks involved According to Lee (2006), there is certain amount of risks involved in the industry. The success of a conference is extremely essential in order to earn profits for the firm (Homburg, Vollmayr, Hahn, 2014). Many times the conference might get cancelled which may then threaten the efforts of the organizers. Trends of conference industry The conference industry has been doing well in the last few years with its growth parallel with the growth of internet. The number of conference has been increasing in size and the numbers of conferences that have been taking place are increasingly tremendously (Getz Page, 2016). These conferences have been increasing because they have gone global and are not restricted to limited topic discussed by a company in their domain or relating to their company issues. These conferences have been dealing with a variety of topics like renewable energy, sea plundering. The new trend is that the conferences might also have an online component. There needs to be a pre-reading component available online so that the members of the conference can read about the conference and come prepared for it. The online preview will also provide various details about the speakers and members. Conferences are beneficial because they help to share knowledge and bring about awareness for the people. Generally, the knowledge about a particular field remains restricted to the particular field. However, the aim of some of the conferences is to break these barriers and foster knowledge as well as creativity (Getz Page, 2016). The new concept of TED Conferences has developed and brought about thousands of people together under one roof. These people share their experiences and bring about convocation of ideas. The TED conferences started from an economic forum and have transformed itself into an idea fest attended by thousands of speakers including the head of states. Various discussions take place by Panelists like human longevity, cell phone app industry, and economic investment in Africa and so on. These types of topics are helpful for students who can apply their theoretical knowledge and use it to discuss these topics among themselves and get real world information. Earlier these conferences were restricted to those who attended the meetings but now it is not so. Every moment of the conference is posted online and filmed for public banter. Other advantages include these conferences have lead to worldwide awareness and funding. Many medical science conferences have brought about findings from all around the globe, which has helped in collaboration (Ahmad et al., 2012). This collaboration has formed various documents. According to Jones (2014), the information is being spread around to various body of organizations and people around the globe as well as people are becoming better informed and those who are not informed it is instigating them and it gives rise to a sense of necessity to get together and discuss about the various topics so that the world becomes closer. Latest conferencing trends in Shanghai, China The use of technology has become extremely important in order to enhance the experience of the conference goers. The events are being made more interactive which is better for the learning process. User-friendly applications are also being used by the organizers and sponsors as well as members alike in order to keep a track of the events and this makes the movement paperless. Sending live videos and building up content is another trend popular in China for the various conferences. With the growing popularity if Facebook and Instagram, this trend was bound to become popular. As conferences are becoming increasingly popular, the conferences are asking for larger rooms and additional space for offering healthy mails for the attendees (Andersson et al., 2015). The tastes of the conference goers also vary and therefore these needs have to be taken care of by the conference management team. Video and teleconferencing techniques are also extremely popular in the city. Other experts suggest that due to the advent of technology, the event organizers are able to start the conversation even before it is possible to with the help of technology. Another remarkable trend in the industry is the unique themes and venues (Chon Weber, 2014).Earlier the conferences use to take place in more professional environments, however these days the options have become more ordinary like places in museums, building sites and many more. In China, gift taking is generally not acceptable however, the participants attending the seminar need to be encouraged and they can be welcomed with a personal note or a gift like a diary. They can also be provided with coupons and reservations of their choice (Weber, 2001). There are various demands for AV equipments with the members making use of voting keypads, WebEx streaming and photo booths. Corporate in China expect to get more out of the management and want to get full value for money. Airbnb trend has also had a huge impact on the particular industry with group reservations made with hotels replaced by delegates paying for their own accommodation. The latest trend in the industry at China has been that the companies engaging in the conference prefer attending a conference that lasts for more than two days rather than attending a conference that is based on a single day (Davidson, 2002). They enjoy dinners that are more formal rather than informal ones. The dinner trends have been evolving in China with people opting for healthier food and therefore this has affected the industry greatly (Lee, Kao Yang, 2014). Various conferences taking place in China: International Conference On Software And Information Engineering ((ICSIE-17)) This conference is based on knowledge sharing based on the field of Engineering. It is usually held in Swiss hotel Grand Shanghai. International Conference on Business, Economics, Social Science Humanities (BESSH) Based on the field of economics and science, this seminar will be held at Leisure Inn and discuss about the world economy. China Marketing Summit This summit is held in China every year and it is necessary attend conference for any group of people who want to attend to market of China (Best, 2012). Global Sources Summit This is a great opportunity for the entrepreneurs and small businesses who want to build a business. Various strategic ideas are discussed to help these entrepreneurs to build a business. Managing Supply and Demand Issues in the Conference Industry in Shanghai According to Park Boo (2010), the main reasons why the supply and demand problems take place are the nature of the service industries. What makes these industries is that they are required immediately. Managing this difference is difficult to manage and the company should make sure that it is able to adhere to the needs of the consumers. As the Event industry has become the new sought after industry, there have been many companies who engage themselves in this operation and thus the supply side has been exceeding. This could be stated as the trend say 5 years back. However, as per the latest trend the conference industry has been doing extremely well and therefore, the demand for arranging conferences has been increasing (Kotler, 2012). As these demands have been increasing, the existing industries have been finding it extremely difficult to cope up with the needs of the demand. The demand and supply occurs in China because: Services are direct, they cannot be stored therefore, and this leads the managers without an alert as to when these services may be demanded. There is a huge amount of producer and consumer interaction in services such as a conference and the consumer provides constant input as to how the task has to be done. This is a mixed blessing as on one hand it provides a source of ideas but on the other it provides interference for the managers. The consumption of goods and services can be delayed however; the services have to be delivered instantly. This is the reason why there is a lot of problem because the conference sponsors find it difficult to find the right event managers who will deliver the conference of their choice. According to Rompf, Brieter Severt (2008), managing this demand and supply can be a difficult task hence it is better is better to form a creative solution and expand the base so that the company can manage the business. The manager can alter the demand by developing an off-peak pricing system whereby complementary services are offered so that the customers are attracted (Kay, 2005). They can even create a non-peak demand, which will help the firm to balance the business. The supply that is being created can also be controlled so that so that the demand can be matched with it. In order to manage a huge supply, the part time employees can be employed so that during the peak seasons the demand can be balanced. Efficiency has to be managed and improved so that the balance can be removed and during the peak season lot of mistakes can be made and therefore, during the lean season the company can improve their skills and manage to gear up for the peak season. Recommendations- How to stay ahead in the conference industry: The following can be applied by the conference industry in China so as to adopt better efficiency and race ahead and stead in the conference industry Adopt Data Analytics Data analytics can be applied in the field of event management. The previous year trends can be observed and a pattern can be formed in order to anticipate the demand, which is present. Data is a new field whereby analysis of data can help in decision-making. Build up Architecture As the numbers of conferences, which are being held, are increasing tremendously and therefore it should be seen that the required architecture for the industry is being prepared for so that the demand for the increased conferences can be met with easily. Use technology The technology should be applied in every field of conferencing. Videos. Mails, applications, AV. These all should be made use of so that the consumers can be dealt with easily and all the data can be kept under one umbrella (Mullins, Walker Boyd Jr, 2012). For separate conferences, an application can be formed which can be shared with the goers as well as the organizers. The schedule and various other data can be presented on the application for easy use. Conclusion Therefore, from the discussion it can be stated that the conference industry emerged as a popular topic in the 90s. During the 2007-2008 periods, it was under a dull period. Again post 2015, the conference industry has been doing well. With the upcoming trends and latest technology, the industry has become one of the most sought after industries. In Shanghai, the industry has been doing well. Shanghai is a host to various conferences on a variety of topics. The Chinese have applied various trends into their process of doing business and thereby performed well. Following the stated recommendations and suggestions, the industry will be able to perform even better in Shanghai. References Ahmad, N. L., Yusuf, A. N. M., Shobri, N. D. M., Wahab, S. (2012). The relationship between time management and job performance in event management.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,65, 937-941. Allen, J., O'toole, W., Harris, R., McDonnell, I. (2012).Festival and Special Event Management, Google eBook. John Wiley Sons. Andersson, A., Deng, J., Du, K., Zheng, M., Yan, C., Sko?ld, M., Gustafsson, O. (2015). Regionally-varying combustion sources of the January 2013 severe haze events over eastern China.Environmental science technology,49(4), 2038-2043. Best, R. (2012).Market-based management. Pearson Higher Ed. Chon, K. S., Weber, K. (2014).Convention tourism: International research and industry perspectives. Routledge. Davidson, R (2002) Leisure Extensions to Business Trips, English Tourism council. Fenich, G. G. (2014).Planning and management of meetings, expositions, events and conventions. Pearson Higher Ed. Getz, D., Page, S. J. (2016).Event studies: Theory, research and policy for planned events. Routledge. Hiller, H (1995) `Conventions as mega events: A new model for convention host city relationships`, Tourism Management(16:5) pp 375-379 Homburg, C., Vollmayr, J., Hahn, A. (2014). Firm value creation through major channel expansions: evidence from an event study in the United States, Germany, and China.Journal of Marketing,78(3), 38-61. Jones, M. (2014).Sustainable event management: A practical guide. Routledge. Kay, A (2005) ` China`s Convention and Exhibition Centre Boom`, Journal of Convention and Event Tourism 7 (1) Kotler, P. (2012). Marketing Management, millenium edition: Custom Edition for University of Phoenix. Lee, J., Kao, H. A., Yang, S. (2014). Service innovation and smart analytics for industry 4.0 and big data environment.Procedia Cirp,16, 3-8. Lee, M J (2006) `Analytical Reflections on the Economic Impact Assessment of Conventions and Special Evnts`, Journal of Convention Event Tourism (8:3) pp 71-85 Park, E Boo, S (2010) ` An assessment of convention tourism`s potential contribution to environmentally sustainable growth` Journal of Sustainable Tourism, (18:1) pp 95-113 Rogers, T. (2013).Conferences and Conventions 3rd edition: A Global Industry. Routledge. Rompf, P, Brieter, D Severt, K (2008) ` Destination selection criteria: key success factors evolve and dominate Event Management ,(12) pp 27-38 Weber K (2001) `Meeting planners` use and evaluation of convention and visitor bureaus`. Tourism Management 22(6)